A Clockwork Orange [1971]

Country of Origin: UK
Year of Production: 1971
Running Times: 136 mins     137 mins
Format: colour     black and white     35mm
Ratio: 1.33:1 [negative ratio]     1.66:1 [intended ratio]
Sound: mono     Dolby Stereo [re-issues]

PRODUCTION
Production Companies: Warner Bros. A Kinney Company presents a Stanley Kubrick production  Made by Hawk Films Limited
Copyright: © MCMLXII by Warner Bros. Inc and Polaris Productions Inc.
Distributed by: Warner Bros. A Kinney Company
Executive Producers: Max L. Raab and Si Litvinoff
Produced by: Stanley Kubrick
Associate Producer: Bernard Williams
Unit / Production Manager: Eddie Frewin [uncredited]

SCRIPT
Screenplay by: Stanley Kubrick
Based on the novel by: Anthony Burgess

DIRECTION
Directed by: Stanley Kubrick
Assistant Directors: Derek Cracknell, Dusty Symonds
Continuity: June Randall

PHOTOGRAPHY
Lighting Cameraman: John Alcott
Additional Photography: Stanley Kubrick [uncredited]
Camera Operators: Ernie Day, Mike Molloy
Focus Puller: Ron Drinkwater
Camera Assistants: Laurie Frost, David Lenham
Grips: Don Budge, Tony Cridlin
Supervising Electrician: Frank Wardale
Electricians: Louis Bogue, Derek Gatrell

EDITING AND POST PRODUCTION
Editor: Bill Butler
Assistant Editors: Gary Shepherd, Peter Burgess, David Beesley

MUSIC
Music Composed and Realised by: Walter Carlos

SONGS AND ADDITIONAL MUSIC
"Symphony No. 9 in D Minor, Opus 125"
by Ludwig van Beethoven

Overtures "The Thieving Magpie" and "William Tell"
By Gioacchino Rossini
Recorded by Deutsche Grammophon Gesellschaft

"Pomp and Circumstance Marches Bo.1 and 4"
By Edward Elgar
Conducted by Marcus Dods

"Singin' in the Rain"
by Arthur Freed and Nacio Herb Brown
From the MGM picture
Performed by Gene Kelly

"Overture to the Sun"
Composed by Terry Tucker

"I Want to Marry a Lighthouse Keeper"
Composed and performed by Erika Eigen

SOUND
Sound Recordist: John Jordan
Boom Operator: Peter Glossop
Dubbing Mixers: Bill Rowe, Eddie Haben
Sound Editor: Brian Blamey

MAKE UP AND COSTUMES
Costume Designer: Milena Canonero
Wardrobe Supervisor: Ron Beck
Make Up: Fred Williamson, George Partleton, Barbara Daly
Hairdresser: Olga Angelinetta
Consultant on Hair and Coloring: Leonard of London

DESIGN AND SET CONSTRUCTION
Production Designer: John Barry
Art Directors: Russell Hagg, Peter Sheilds (sic)
Special Paintings and Sculpture: Herman Makkink, Cornelius Makkink, Liz Moore, Christiane Kubrick
Prop Master: Frank Bruton
Prop Men: Peter Hancock, Tommy Ibbetson, John Oliver
Construction Manager: Bill Welch

MISCELLANEOUS
Production Accountant: Len Barnard
Production Assistants: Andros Epaminondas, Margaret Adams (uncredited)
Assistant to the Producer: Jan Harlan
Production Secretary: Loretta Ordewer
Director's Secretary: Kay Johnson
Technical Advisor: Jon Marshall
Promotion Co-Ordinator: Michael Kaplan

LOCATIONS
Location Manager: Terence Clegg
Location Liaison: Arthur Morgan
Locations: Aylesbury, England, UK [tramp scene]; Brunel University, Uxbridge, Middlesex, England, UK [Ludovici Centre]; Festival Embankment, London, England, UK [last tramp scene]; Joyden's Wood, Bexley, Kent, England, UK [Alex being beaten by Dim and Georgie]; Shenley Lodge, Shenley, Hertfordshire, England, UK; Thamesmead South Estate, London, England, UK
Made at: Pinewood Studios, London, England, at EMI-MGM Studios, Borehamwood, Herts, England and on location in England

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
With Special Acknowledgment to:Braun AG Frankfurt; Dolby Laboratories Inc; Kontakt Werkstaetten; Ryman Conran Limited; Steinheimer Leuchtenindustrie; Temde AG

STUNTS
Stunt Arranger: Roy Scammell

CASTING
Casting: Jimmy Liggat

CAST
Starring
Malcolm McDowell [Alex DeLarge]
Patrick Magee [Frank Alexander]

And Featuring in Alphabetical Order
Michael Bates [chief guard]
Warren Clarke [Dim]
John Clive [stage actor]
Adrienne Corri [Mrs Alexander]
Carl Duering [Dr Brodsky]
Paul Farrell [tramp]
Clive Francis [Joe, the lodger]
Michael Gover [prison governor]
Miriam Karlin [cat lady]
James Marcus [Georgie]
Aubrey Morris [Deltoid]
Godfrey Quigley [prison chaplain]
Sheila Raynor [mum]
Madge Ryan [Dr Branom]
John Savident [conspirator]
Anthony Sharp [minister]
Philip Stone [dad]
Pauline Taylor [psychiatrist]
Margaret Tyzack [conspirator]

Also Featuring
Steven Berkoff [constable]
Lindsay Campbell [inspector]
Michael Tarn [Pete]
David Prowse [Julian]
Barrie Cookson
Jan Adair
Vivienne Chandler
Gaye Brown
Richard Connaught [Billyboy]
Peter Burton
Prudence Drage [handmaidens]
John J. Carney [CID man]
Carol Drinkwater [Nurse Feeley]
Lee Fox
Shirley Jaffe
Cheryl Grunwald [rape girl]
Virginia Wetherell [stage actress]
Gillian Hills [Sonietta]
Neil Wilson
Craig Hunter [Dr Friendly]
Katya Wyeth [girl in Ascot fantasy]

uncredited
Baraba Scott [Marty]
George O'Gorman [Bootich clerk]
Pat Roach, Robert Bruce [milkbar bouncer]

In the near future, teenage thug Alex Delarge is brought to justice after an orgy of rape, murder and ultra-violence. His punishment is the Ludovici Treatment, government sanctioned brainwashing to make him a model citizen.

Kubrick just keeps going from strength to strength with this disturbing and surreal vision of the future. A cogent meditation on personal responsibility and free will, it caused outrage on its release and remains as relevant and unsettling today than it did on its first release - if not more so.

USA
Theatrical Distributor: Warner Brothers
Video Distributor: Warner Brothers Home Video

CENSORSHIP HISTORY

Australia
Rating: R

Chile
Rating: 18

Finland
Rating: K-18

France
Rating: -16

Germany
Rating: 18

Ireland
Rating: banned; 18

Italy
Rating: VM18; VM14

Mexico
Rating: C

Netherlands
Rating: 16

Norway
Rating: 18

Sweden
Rating: 15

UK
Rating: X; 'withdrawn'; 18
Famously, A Clockwork Orange was unavailable for legal public viewing throughout most of the 70s, 80s and 90s but it was not the BBFC who ordered it's removal from sight. Rather it was Kubrick himself, disturbed by stories in the British press linking the film to 'copycat' killings. It was issued again after Kubrick's death.

USA
Rating: X; R

1971
December
1: USA - premiere

1972
January
13: UK - theatrical release

February
2: USA - re-released with R-rating

April
26: Sweden - theatrical release

October
27: Finland - theatrical release

1973
January
1: Italy - theatrical release

1985
July
25: Argentina - theatrical release

1998
May
29: Italy - theatrical re-release

June
18: Australia - theatrical re-release

1999
August
27: Iceland - shown at the Reykjavik Film Festival

2000
March
17: UK - theatrical re-release

August
28: UK - video release

November
7: Australia - video release

2002
October
13: UK - television broadcast [on Channel 4]

Being the adventures of a young man whose principal interests are rape, ultra-violence and Beethoven.

The Breakthrough Presentation Of Stanley Kubrick's Clockwork Orange For The Millions Who Were Not Allowed To See It Until Now!

Arancia meccanica - Italian title
Uhrwerk Orange - German title

SEE ALSO
1984: A Personal View of Orwell's Nineteen Eighty Four [1983]
2001: A Space Odyssey [1968]
AFI's 100 Years... 100 Movies [1998]
Animal Room [1995]
The Avengers [1998]
Batman and Robin [1997]
The Big Lebowski [1998]
Bowfinger [1999]
Dark City [1998]
Deadbeat at Dawn [1988]
Dellamorte dellamore [1994]
Disturbed [1990]
Disturbing Behavior [1998]
Dogma [1999]
Dr Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb [1964]
Due occhi diabolici [1990]
Fight Club [1999]
Funny Games [1997]
Hackers [1995]
Heavy Metal [1981]
M [1931]
Mad Max [1979]
Natural Born Killers [1994]
One Million Years B.C. [1966]
Singin' in the Rain [1952]
Sleeper [1973]
Trainspotting [1996]
The Young Poisoner's Handbook [1995]

MAGAZINES

American Cinematographer vol.80 no.10 [October 1999] pp.52-61 [USA]
illustrated credits, article

Creative Screenwriting vol.6 no.4 [July / August 1999] pp.38-41 [USA]
illustrated article

Film Review Special no.25: Sci-Fi [1998] pp.22-23 [UK]
illustrated article

Film Score Monthly vol.4 no.3 [March 1999] pp.18-23 [USA]
illustrated interview

Flicks September 2000 p.85
illustrated video review [by Phil Hoad]

Index on Censorship vol.24 no.6 [1995] pp.48-52 [UK]
illustrated article

International Media Law vol.13 no.8 [August 1995] pp.63-64 [UK]
article

Invasion no.11 [1995] pp.52-44 [UK]
illustrated review

Empire December 1993 pp.64-66, 68, 70-71
illustrated article

Filmfax no.74 [August / September 1999] p.32 [USA]
illustrated review

The Movie p.1560
credits, review

Positif no.439 [September 1997] pp.94-95; 96-98
article; illustrated article

Samhain no.8 p.23
illustrated review [by John Martin]

Sight and Sound vol.9 no.9 [September 1999]pp.24-27 [UK]
illustrated article

TV World April 1998 p.12 [UK]
article

BOOKS

The BFI Companion to Crime pp.84-85
short review

The Illustrated Vampire Movie Guide p.68
credits, short review [by Stephen Jones]

Hoffman's Guide to SF, Horror and Fantasy Movies 1991 - 1992  p.74
credits, short review

Reference Guide to Fantastic Films p.69
credits

OTHER SOURCES

screen
credits

KEYWORDS

the future, teenagers, gangs, gang warfare, human experiments, prisons, torture, scientists

Last Updated: 24 July, 2007