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The Celluloid Closet [1995]
Country of Origin: France / UK / Germany
/ USA
Year of Production: 1995
Running Times: 102 mins
Length: 2849 metres
Format: colour / black and white
35mm
Ratio: 1.85:1
Sound: Dolby Stereo Digital
CREDITS
PRODUCTION
Production Companies: Sony Pictures Classics Home Box Office presents
in association with Channel 4 / ZDF/arte / Brillstein-Grey Entertainment
in association with Hugh M. Hefner, James C. Hormel, Steve Tisch A Telling
Pictures production a Rob Epstein Jeffrey Friedman film (opening credits)
Telling Pictures A Rob Epstein/Jeffrey Friedman Film A Telling Pictures
Production (closing credits)
Copyright: © 1995 Reflective Image, Inc.
Author: Reflective Image, Inc.
Additional Funding: Public Broadcasting Service; The Playboy Foundation;
Henry Van Ameringen; Funding Exchange/Paul Robeson Fund For Film and
Video; Jane Wagner; The Estate of Stephen F. Temmer; California Council
For the Humanities, a state program of the National Endowment For the
Humanities; The Chicago Resource Center; and: Lloyd H. Abbey; ADS Advanced
Digital Services, Inc.; Robert M. Anderson & Roy Bateman; Bradley
A. Ball, in memory of Steven Webb; Amanda Bearse; David P. Becker; Alice
Belmonte; The Bills Foundation; Manolo Blahnik; Kenneth E. Boire; H.R.H.
Michael Boswell-Windsor; Joe W. Brachter III; Broadway Cares/Equity
Fights AIDS; Janet Brown; Dale Richard Buchanan; Naomi Caryl; Chelsea
Psychotherapy Associates, Dixie Beckham; Jim Cochrane; Lewis Cole; Gloria
Copleman; Sage & John Cowles; Eric Coyne; Marcia & Neil Diamond;
Michael Dively; Kip Dollar & Toby Johnson; in memory of Keath Eskew;
Rene David Falter; Donna Fletman, M.D.; Brant A. Freer; Ron Friend;
Jordan Glaser & Hazel Weiser; Eve Gordon & Todd Waring; Howard
Grossman, M.D.; Vivien Hartog; David B. Harvie & Mark F. Nebus;
Hellinger Productions; Colin Higgins Foundation; Doug Jervey; Petyr
Kane; Jonathan & Julie Kaplan; Barry Karas; Paul G. Killgore; Douglas
Krohn; Bill Kux; Michael Kwiat, M.D.; Laine Family Foundation; Lambda
Rising Bookstores; Arthur Laurents; Richard Manary; W. David Manning,
Jr.; Jed Mattes; Michael R. Meyers; Graham & Susan Nash; Nancy &
Carroll O'Connor; Judith & Samuel Peabody; Steven Paul Samuel Peterson;
Laura A.S. Phillips; Morgan R. Pinney Trust; John R. Prydt; Arlene Raven;
Hal G. Royster; Gary Sanders & Taylor Phelps; John Sayles; in memory
of Frank Scorsone, Jr.; Joan Severence; in memory of Clare Skvorc; Lee
A. Smith; in memory of George Stambolian; Tom Steel; Jules and Doris
Stein Foundation; Superstar Video; Julia Sweeney; Eldon W. Tamblyn;
Lois Tetreault; Ellen M. Vidlett; Bradford Watkins; Whitman-Walker Clinic,
Inc.; J. Beth Williams & Mary Flanagan; Lawrence A. Wilson; and
4,000 other donors who helped to get this project off the ground
Executive Producers: Howard Rosenman, Bernie Brillstein, Brad Grey
Executive Producer For HBO: Sheila Nevins
[Assistant] to Howard Rosenman: Danielle Portnoy
Co-Executive Producer: Lily Tomlin
Produced by: Rob Epstein & Jeffrey Friedman
For Channel 4: Caroline Spry
For ZDF/arte: Anne Even
Co-Producer: Michael Lumpkin
Associate Producers: Wendy Braitman, Michael Ehrenzweig, Caryn Mendez
Production Manager: Ceryl Rosenthal
Assistant Production Manager: Kent Schuelke
Program Manager For HBO: Jonathan Moss
SCRIPT
Based on the book by Vito Russo [opening titles]
This film is based on the work of Vito Russo [closing credits]
Story by: Rob Epstein, Jeffrey Friedman, Sharon Wood
Narration written by: Armistead Maupin
DIRECTION
Directed by: Rob Epstein & Jeffrey Friedman
Assistant Director: Cheryl Rosenthal
Assistants to Jeffrey Friedman & Rob Epstein: Robert Bass, Linda
Cohen
PHOTOGRAPHY
Director of Photography: Nancy Schreiber
Additional Camera: Stephen M. Katz
Assistant Camera: Stacey Ann Cohen-Maitre, Kelly McGowen, Vance Piper
Second Assistant Camera: Scott Carroll
Gaffers: Mark Goodwin, Jani Vournas, Dan Zarlengo, David Samuel, Art
Freyer, John Smith, Jeff Levy
Vari-lite Operator: John Morgan
Key Grips: Chris Shellenberger, Chris Trillo, John Pirozzi, Hugh Byrne
Film and Video Dailies: Monaco Labs / Video Services
Lab Production Coordinator: Scott Smerdon
Color by: Monaco Labs
EDITING AND POST PRODUCTION
Edited by: Jeffrey Friedman, Arnold Glassman
Associate Editor: Steve Bloom
Apprentice Editor: Jeffrey Schwarz
Post Production Supervisors: Steve Bloom, Joan Saffa, Joe Hoffman
Post-Production Services: Western Images Editor, Bill Weber
Negative Cutter: Angela D. Chou
Color Timer: George Braun
MUSIC
Music by: Carter Burwell
Score Orchestrated and Conducted by: Carter Burwell
Music Engineer: Michael Farrow
Music Editor: Adam Smalley
Music Contractor: Sandy De Crescent
Legal Counsel, Music: Geoffrey Menin
Music Payroll: Sabron Inc.
SONGS AND ADDITIONAL MUSIC
"Advise and Consent"
Written by Jerry Fielding
Courtesy of Warner Bros. Inc
"Ain't There Anyone Here For Love?"
Written by Hoagy Carmichael and Harald Adamson
Courtesy of Morley Music
"Goin' To Heaven on a Mule"
Written by Harry Warren and Al Dubin
Courtesy of Warner Bros. Inc
"Heat of the Moment"
Written and performed by Willie DeVille
Courtesy of Cherry Lane Music and A&M Records Ltd
"(Love Is Like a) Heat Wave"
Written by Holland, Dozier, Holland
Courtesy of Jobete Music Co. Inc
Performed by Martha Vandellas
Courtesy of Motown Records
by arrangement with Polygram Film & TV Licensing
"Heaven"
Written by David Byrne, Jerry Harrison
Courtesy of Bleu Disque Music Co., Inc. and Index Music Inc
All rights administered by WB Music Corp.
"Hot Lips"
Written by Henry Busse, Lou Davis and Henry Lange
Used by permission of EMI Feist Catalog, Inc.
Performed by Paul Whiteman
Courtesy of RCA Records label of BMG Entertainment
"I May Be Wrong (But I Think You're Wonderful)"
Written by Henry Sullivan, Harry Ruskin
Courtesy of Warner Bros. Inc.
"It Couldn't Please Me More"
Written by John Kander and Fred Ebb
Courtesy of Alley Music and Trion Music Co., Ltd
"Let's Knock Knees"
Written Mack Gordon and Harry Revel
Courtesy of Chappell & Co.
"Little Brown Jug"
Performed by The Glenn Miller Orchestra
Courtesy of the RCA Records label of BMG Entertainment and the Estate
of Glenn Miller
"Secret Love"
Written by Sammy Fain, Paul Francis Webster
Courtesy of WB Music Corp.
"Streets of Philadelphia"
Performed by Bruce Springsteen
Courtesy of Columbia Records
By arrangement with Sony Music Licensing
"Secret Love" Reprise
Performed by: k.d. lang
Produced and arranged by Carter Burwell
k.d. lang appears courtesy of Warner Bros. Records
SOUND
Sound Recordists: Peggy Names, Lauretta Molitor, Bob Gravenor, J.T.
Takagi, Gautam Choudhury
Supervising Sound Editor: Pat Jackson
Additional Sound Editing: Susan Sanford, Sara Bolder, Claire Freeman,
Michael Silvers
Re-Recording Mixer: Lora Hirschberg
Re-Recording Services: Skywalker Sound
MAKE UP AND COSTUMES
Make-up: Natasha, Pegi Levin, Wendy Jill York, Chris Laurence
VISUAL EFFECTS
Animation Producer: Joe Hoffman
Main Title Design: Juan Gatti
Optical Compositing / Conforming: Monaco / Interformat
Opticals and Titles Supervisor: Michael Hinton
Optical Camera: Bruce Miller
DESIGN AND SET CONSTRUCTION
Art Director: Scott Chambliss
Additional Art Direction: Tom Bonauro
Swing: Marianne Franco, Joe Quirk
MISCELLANEOUS
Production Accountants: Annette C. Porry, Tong & Fong
Creative Consultant: Jan Oxenberg
Consultants: Allan Bérubé, Estelle Freedman, Robert Hawk,
Y. Sue Thorpe, Jack Walsh,
Helen Weiss
Production Office Manager: Linda Nix
Publicist: Bragman, Nyman, Cafarelli
Production Assistants: Will Callahan, Scott Carroll, Chris Collins,
Brook Dillon, Paul Da Silva, Tave Fasce, Matthew Fish, Michael Günther,
Jamie Hammons, Tom Henthorne, Michael Jortner, Derrick Kardos, Laura
Locke, Joseph Logan, Stephen Martin, Bo Mehrad, Johanna Metger, Justin
Nuttal, Keith Quinones, Casey Rogers, Liz Rubin, Laura Segal, Jon Shenk,
Marc Smolowitz, Jennifer Speed, Johnny Symons, Brett Thomas, Jonathan
Wald, Enid Tihanyi Zentelis
Craft Service: Dee Dowdy
Legal Services: Sloss Law Office P.C., John Sloss, Jodi Peikoff
Additional Legal Counsel: Norman K. Samnick & Barbara Shulman
Security: Spark
Travel Services: Valle Travel Service
Archival Sources: The Celeste Bartos International Film Study Center,
The Museum of Modern Art; Margaret Herrick Library, Academy of Motion
Pictures Arts & Sciences; UCLA Arts Library, Special Collections;
USC Cinema-Television Library; Warner Bros. Archives, USC; Vito Russo
photograph courtesy of Lee Snider/Photo UImages
LOCATIONS
Filmed at Raleigh Studios, Hollywood, California
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The Filmmakers Wish to Thank: Roberta Achtenberg; Michele Acosta; Peter
Adair; Jane Anderson; William M. Andrews; Kenneth Anger; Gregg Araki;
Judy Bach; Chris Baker; Wouter Barendrecht; Norm Barnett; Ned Bastille;
Diane Benjamin; Ann Block & Wendy Dallas; Kate Bornstein; Rita Mae
Brown; Charles Busch; Cappy Coates; Janet Cole; Kathy Couterie; Donna
Deitch; Jonathan Demme; David Di Giacomo; Jill Diamond; Bob Dickenson;
David Ehrenstein; Jon Else; John "Lypsinka" Epperson; Epstein-Gage
Family; Jim Flynn; Mary Fry; Bubba Geiger & John Wilson; Robert
Gerber; Marga Gómez; Bill Guttentag; Jay Hansell; Mariel Hemingway;
Victoria Hochberg; Deborah Hoffmann; Tom Horton; Marcus Hu; Richard
Jennings; Josh Koral; Karen Larsen; Terry Lawler; David Leavitt; Brian
Loucks; Daniel Mangin; Ellen Martin; Phil Murphy; Don Murry; Jenni Olson;
Mark Page; Laura Parker; Michael Patton; Lucy Massie Phenix; Alan Poul;
Dan Reed; Frances Reid; B. Ruby Rich; Paul Richards; Tom Rielly; Mark
Saltzman; Chris Sarandon; Edward Saxon; David Schmerler; Veronica Selver;
Penelope Spheeris; Tom Toth; Robert Towne; Rose Troche; Tomas Tucker;
Christine Vachon; Gus Van Sant; Jack Walsh; Larry Wanagas; Andrea Weiss;
Robin and Marsha Williams; Cis Wilson; Cleo Wilson; William Wolf; Robin
Wood; John Wright; Fawn Yacker; Jeff Yarbrough; and: Acme Scenery Company;
Addis-Wechsler; American Federation of Musicians; Angstrom Stage Lighting,
Inc.; A Zebra; The Beverly Prescott Hotel; Chanterelle; Cine Rent West;
The Coral Sands Hotel; David Carroll Electronics/Timeline Vista; Davies,
Thomas, and Condiotti Grip & Electric, Inc.; Feature Systems, Inc.;
Frameline; Hayes Street Grill; Hudson Scenic Studio, Inc.; LDF Studio
Scenery; Jo Ann Kane Music Service; Lee Utterbach Incorporated; Production
Arts Lighting, Inc.; Production Lighting Systems; Screen Actors Guild;
Transvideo Studios; Vari-Lite Inc; Westwood Marquis Hotel and Gardens;
The Wright Gardner; Xeno-Lights; Zuni café
And deepest thanks to the Russo Family, Jed Mattes, and Arnie Kantrowitz
The filmmakers express their deepest appreciation to the following
studios for making this picture possible
Rope
Courtesy of The Alfred Hitchcock Trust
The Spoilers
Their First Mistake
Courtesy of Betafilm [a KirchGroup Co.]
Cabaret
The Killing of Sister George
Rebecca
Silkwood
Courtesy of Capitol Cities / ABC Cable and International Broadcasting,
Inc.
Basic Instinct
Courtesy of Carolco Pictures Inc.
The Boys in the Band
Courtesy of CBS Inc
The Crying Game
My Beautiful Laundrette
Courtesy of Channel Four International Ltd.
Gilda
In a Lonely Place
Midnight Express
Mo' Money
Suddenly, Last Summer
Walk on the Wild Side
Courtesy of Columbia Pictures
Another Country
Courtesy of Goldcrest Films and Television Limited
Swoon
Courtesy of Kalin Vachon Productions Inc
Dream a Little Dream [a.k.a. Long Before Tomorrow]
Courtesy of LIVE Film and Mediaworks Inc
The Chocolate War
Courtesy of MCEG Sterling Entertainment
The Crying Game
Courtesy of Miramax Films
The Hours and Times
Courtesy of Christopher Munch
Edward II
Hairspray
My Own Private Idaho
Torch Song Trilogy
Courtesy of New Line Productions, Inc.
The Living End
Parting Glances
Courtesy of October Films, Inc.
The Silence of the Lambs
Courtesy of Orion Pictures Corporation
Advise and Consent
Courtesy of Otto Preminger Films
The Fan
48 Hrs.
Manslaughter
North Dallas Forty
An Officer and a Gentleman
Partners
The Warriors
Wings
Courtesy of Paramount Pictures
Wild At Heart
Courtesy of PolyGram Filmed Entertainment
The Adventures of Priscilla, Queen of the Desert
Courtesy of PolyGram Filmed Entertainment Distributions, Inc.
Teen Wolf
Courtesy of PolyGram Film Produktion GmbH
Victim
Courtesy of Rank Film Distributors Limited
Johnny Guitar
Courtesy of Republic Entertainment Inc.
Their First Mistake
Courtesy of RHI Entertainment, Inc.
Desert Hearts
Go Fish
Longtime Companion
The Wedding Banquet
Wild At Heart
Courtesy of The Samuel Goldwyn Company
Heaven Help Us
Courtesy of Silver Screen Partners L.P.
The Living End
Courtesy of Strand Releasing
Heathers
Courtesy of Trans Atlantic Distributors, L.P.
Philadelphia
Courtesy of TriStar Pictures, Inc.
Ben-Hur
Bringing Up Baby
Broadway Melody
Cat on a Hot Tin Roof
Crossfire
Dancing Lady
Fame
The Gay Divorcee
The Hunger
Ladies They Talk About
The Maltese Falcon
Our Betters
Queen Christina
Tea and Sympathy
Top Hat
Victor/Victoria
Wonder Bar
Courtesy of Turner Entertainment Co.
Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid
Call Her Savage
The Detective
Gentlemen Prefer Blondes
Making Love
Mrs. Doubtfire
My Bodyguard
Next Stop, Greenwich Village
Vanishing Point
Courtesy of Twentieth Century Fox Film Corporation
La cage aux folles
The Children's Hour
Lianna
Red River
Some Like It Hot
Sunday, Bloody Sunday
Thelma and Louise
Thunderbolt and Lightfoot
Windows
Courtesy of United Artists Pictures
Bride of Frankenstein
Car Wash
Continental Divide
Dracula's Daughter
Fried Green Tomatoes
The Lost Weekend
Lover Come Back
Morocco
Myrt and Marge
Pillow Talk
Repo Man
Rope
Spartacus
Courtesy of Universal Pictures, a division of Universal City Studios,
Inc.
Caged
Calamity Jane
The Color Purple
Cruising
The Fox
Freebie and the Bean
Night Shift
Personal Best
Rebel Without a Cause
The Sergeant
Young Man With a Horn
Courtesy of Warner Bros.
Boys on the Side
Courtesy of Warner Bros., Regency Enterprises and Le Studio Canal+
Poison
Courtesy of Zeitgeist Films, Ltd. and Bronze Eye Productions, Inc.
Glengarry Glen Ross
Courtesy of Stanley R. Zupnik
CAST
Lily Tomlin [narrated by]
Tony Curtis [himself]
Armistead Maupin [himself]
Susie Bright [herself]
Whoopi Goldberg [herself]
Jan Oxenberg [herself]
Harvey Fierstein [himself]
Quentin Crisp [himself]
Richard Dyer [himself]
Jay Presson Allen [herself]
Arthur Laurents [himself]
Gore Vidal [himself]
Will H. Hays [himself in archive footage]
Joseph Breen [himself in archive footage]
Farley Granger [himself]
Stewart Stern [himself]
Paul Rudnick [himself]
Shirley MacLaine [herself]
Barry Sandler [himself]
Mart Crowley [himself]
Antonio Fargas [himself]
Tom Hanks [himself]
Ron Nyswaner [himself]
Daniel Melnick [himself]
Harry Hamlin [himself]
John Schlesinger [himself]
Susan Sarandon [herself]
SUMMARY
A look at the many ways - positive and negative - that homosexuality
and lesbianism have been portrayed on screen.
AVAILABILITY
Canada
Theatrical Distributors: Malofilm Distribution [Canada]
Spain
Theatrical Distributors: Musidora Films S.A.
UK
Television Distributors: Biography
USA
Theatrical Distributors: Sony Pictures Classics
Laserdisc Distributors: Columbia/Tristar [82106]
CENSORSHIP HISTORY
Australia
Rating: M
Finland
Rating: K-14
France
Rating: U
Spain
Rating: 13
USA
Rating: R
AWARDS
1996
Berlin International Film Festival, Germany [Teddies]
Best Documentary Film [Rob Epstein, Jeffrey Friedman] - winner
Emmy Awards, USA
Outstanding Individual Achievement - Informational Programming [Jeffrey
Friedman, Arnold Glassman] - nominated
Outstanding Individual Achievement - Informational Programming [Peggy
Names, Lauretta Molitor, Robert Gravenor, J.T. Takagi, Gautam Choudhury,
Lora Hirschberg] - nominated
Outstanding Individual Achievement - Informational Programming [Nancy
Schreiber] - nominated
Outstanding Informational Special [Howard Rosenman, Bernie Brillstein,
Brad Grey, Sheila Nevins, Lily Tomlin, Rob Epstein, Jeffrey Friedman,
Michael Lumpkin, Sharon Wood, Armistead Maupin] - nominated
President's Award - nominated
GLAAD Media Awards, USA
Vito Russo Film Award - winner
Sundance Film Festival, USA
Freedom of Expression Award [Rob Epstein, Jeffrey Friedman] - winner
Grand Jury Prize: Documentary [Rob Epstein, Jeffrey Friedman] - nominated
1997
Independent Spirit Awards, USA
Truer Than Fiction Award [Rob Epstein, Jeffrey Friedman] - nominated
National Educational Media Network, USA
Gold Apple - winner
Peabody Awards, USA
Peabody Award - winner
TIMELINE
1995
September
13: Canada – shown at the Toronto Film Festival
1996
January
30: USA – shown at the Sundance Film Festival
February
Day Unknown: Germany – shown at the Berlin International Film
Festival
March
15: USA – theatrical release
June
13: Netherlands – theatrical release
July
12: UK – theatrical release
August
9: Finland – theatrical release
28: France – theatrical release
December
30: USA - laserdisc release [Columbia/Tristar [82106]]
1997
January
16: Australia – theatrical release
23: Spain – theatrical release
February
8: Japan – theatrical release
1999
September
22: USA – shown at the Boulder Gay and Lesbian Film Festival
2004
March
14: South Africa – shown at the Johannesburg Pride South Africa
Gay and Lesbian Film Festival
November
5: Belgium – shown at the Holebi Gay and Lesbian Film Festival
ALTERNATIVE TITLES
Celluloid Closet – French title
Celuloid Closet – Spanish title
El celuloide oculto – Spanish title
Gefangen in der Traumfabrik – German title
Lo schermo velato – Italian title
LINKS
INCLUDES FOOTAGE FROM
Basic Instinct [1992]
Ben-Hur [1959]
Bride of Frankenstein
[1935]
Dracula's Daughter
[1936]
Edward II [1991]
The Fan [1981]
Heathers [1989]
The Hunger [1983]
The Lost Weekend
[1945]
Repo Man [1984]
The Silence of the
Lambs [1991]
Suddenly, Last Summer
[1959]
Teen Wolf [1985]
Vanishing Point [1971]
Wild At Heart [1990]
REFERENCES
Empire August 1996 p.36 [UK]
review [by Kim Newman]
Film Review August 1996 p.19 [UK]
review [by Alan Jones]
Première September 1996 p.24 [France]
review [by Christine Haas]
Premiere April 1996 pp.27-29 [USA]
review [by J. Hoberman]
Studio September 1996 p.14 [France]
review [by Juliette Michaud]
screen
credits
KEYWORDS
book into film, compilation, documentary, film history, homophobia,
homosexuality, lesbianism
Last Updated:
6 March, 2007
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